- Phase Change Materials (PCMs)
- Thermal Energy Storage Tanks
- Underground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES)
- Thermochemical Energy Storage
- Cryogenic Energy Storage
- Molten Salt Energy Storage
- Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES)
- Ice Thermal Energy Storage
- Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (AA-CAES)
- Smart Grid Integrated Thermal Energy Storage Systems
1. Phase Change Materials (PCMs)
Phase change materials are substances that store and release thermal energy during the process of melting and solidifying. They are being used in various applications such as building insulation, solar energy storage, and HVAC systems.
2. Thermal Energy Storage Tanks
Thermal energy storage tanks are large-scale systems that store excess thermal energy for later use. They are commonly used in industrial processes and power plants to improve energy efficiency and reduce peak demand.
3. Underground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES)
UTES systems store excess thermal energy underground in soil or rock formations. This technology is used for district heating and cooling, as well as for renewable energy integration.
4. Thermochemical Energy Storage
Thermochemical energy storage uses chemical reactions to store and release thermal energy. This technology has the potential for high energy density and long-term storage capabilities.
5. Cryogenic Energy Storage
Cryogenic energy storage involves storing thermal energy in the form of cold temperatures. This technology is used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, as well as for grid-scale energy storage.
6. Molten Salt Energy Storage
Molten salt energy storage systems use molten salts as a medium to store and release thermal energy. They are commonly used in concentrating solar power plants for continuous electricity generation.
7. Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES)
ATES systems store thermal energy in underground aquifers for later use in heating and cooling applications. This technology is widely used in commercial and residential buildings.
8. Ice Thermal Energy Storage
Ice thermal energy storage systems use ice as a thermal storage medium. They are used in air conditioning systems to shift cooling demand to off-peak hours and reduce energy costs.
9. Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (AA-CAES)
AA-CAES systems store thermal energy in the form of compressed air. This technology is being developed for grid-scale energy storage to support renewable energy integration.
10. Smart Grid Integrated Thermal Energy Storage Systems
Smart grid integrated thermal energy storage systems use advanced control and monitoring technologies to optimize the use of thermal energy storage for sustainable energy usage. These systems are designed to improve grid stability and reliability.